Iron Crowned Chapter 8

There was a long delay as I stood by eagerly. Volusian was getting a charge out of this, I understood. He wasn't going to expound until I asked on the grounds that he needed to draw out the distress. â€Å"Damn it! Mention to me what happened!† Volusian got this satisfied look all over that I suspected was the nearest he at any point came to grinning. â€Å"The Oak King is †¦Ã¢â‚¬  I held my breath. â€Å"†¦ alive.† â€Å"Thank God.† obviously, thinking about my own injuries, â€Å"alive† probably won't mean a lot. â€Å"Is he hurt?† â€Å"He is well and uninjured.† I sank appreciatively onto my bed, realizing I wore my feelings all over my face. I preferred not to ever show anything like that before Volusian. I needed to keep up a picture of intensity. This circumstance was excessively significant, however. Dread and stress for Dorian and the fight encapsulated been a bunch, one I just barely now set out to slacken. â€Å"What about the others? Who won?† â€Å"Your powers, mistress.† Once more, alleviation overwhelmed through me. We had won. Dorian was alright. â€Å"Casualties?† â€Å"Inevitable, of course.† Volusian didn't appear to be especially concerned, yet at that point, he was never worried about a lot. â€Å"Death and injury on the two sides. The Oak King's properties and towns remained untouched.† That last part was uplifting news. However, passing and injury? No, I didn't care for that. I needed to know numbers, yet for the present, that was insignificant. One passing was excessively. I'd get all the details I required from Dorian soon enough. I began to say thanks to Volusian, however that wasn't the manner in which our relationship worked. â€Å"Go back to the Oak Land. Reveal to Dorian I'll be there shortly.† Volusian gave a little gesture of affirmation. I anticipated that him should evaporate in a split second, however he stopped, eyes narrowing marginally. â€Å"My courtesan has additionally been in a fight tonight.† I moved marginally, getting mindful of the swathes covering my shoulder and back. â€Å"Yeah, I battled a fetch.† â€Å"Who dispensed extraordinary injury.† â€Å"It would show up in this way, wouldn't it?† â€Å"But insufficient to murder you.† The look I offered him was response enough. â€Å"Pity,† he said. He disappeared. â€Å"Damn it,† I mumbled. I stayed where I was, gazing vacantly at nothing in particular. I expected to cross to Dorian's property soon, yet until further notice, I permitted the news to permeate in my mind for a couple of seconds more. Just, another interruption introduced itself. Extraordinary enchantment washed over me seconds before a voice talked. â€Å"You could end it effectively, you know.† I hopped up from my bed as the apparition from the mountains showed up before me. Quietly, I reviled myself for having gotten together my weapons. Since my queenhood, assaults at home had dropped off, quieting me into an incorrect feeling that all is well with the world. It was apathetic of me. Stupid. With no consideration for the other deliberately pressed things, I overturned my sack, dumping everything out. I got my wand, anticipating that the phantom should assault. Rather, she just lingered palpably, face clear. â€Å"You shouldn't have come back,† I stated, wand prepared and pointed. Tired as I might have been, banishing enchantment shivered inside me. â€Å"You ought to have stayed away.† She remained still, inhumane of the danger I introduced. â€Å"I let you know. I can't. I need your help.† â€Å"And I let you know, I can't help you.† â€Å"I can help you,† she said. â€Å"I can assist you with finding the Iron Crown.† The enchantment welling inside me delayed and afterward I dropped it by and large. I peered toward her carefully. â€Å"How do you think about that?† She gave a frail shrug. â€Å"I've been following you.† I started the banishing once more, rapidly working out her words. Obviously she could tail me. She was a solid phantom, one who could almost certainly flutter among this and the Otherworld as effectively as I saw her move around here. The enchantment of the Otherworld, which covered such a large number of spirits, would make her harder to recognize there. Following †and spying †would be simple. â€Å"We're finished with this,† I said. Force flowed into the wand. All things considered, she didn't jump. â€Å"The Iron Crown,† she rehashed. â€Å"I know where it is. I can lead you.† Once more, I delayed the banishing and recalled something Dorian had said. â€Å"The way is hindered to spirits.† â€Å"Yes,† she concurred. â€Å"But I know the beginning stage. You don't realize that. I can take you there, and you can go the remainder of the route on your own.† â€Å"I don't trust you. I have no motivation to. You could simply get me messed up in your little examination and afterward disappear.† This at last realized feeling. Outrage gleamed in those pale eyes. â€Å"‘Little examination?' This is my family! Their lives! They mean the world to me.† â€Å"Meant,† I rectified. â€Å"You need to slice your connections to this world.† Her lips leveled into a straight line, as if she battled to remain calm. â€Å"I'll take you there first. After you have the crown, you'll help me. I'll be the one trusting you. You don't have anything to lose.† â€Å"Nothing with the exception of my life,† I murmured. â€Å"A crown that never really lead me on some deadly excursion is a major bet. I don't trust Masthera's insane logic.† â€Å"Other spirits state it can do what she says,† the phantom said. â€Å"They're old. They recollect it.† Indeed, that at any rate addressed one of my inquiries. The questionable idea of the crown aside, I saw how a phantom like this would think about something so antiquated. The despondency that bound her to this world may make her solid, yet she struck me as another apparition, one that would scarcely think about some incredible curio. â€Å"It's all ridiculous,† I said. â€Å"It's the ideal opportunity for you to go.† â€Å"It is,† she concurred. â€Å"Think about my offer. Bring me when you're prepared. My name is Deanna.† What's more, as effectively as she'd come, she vanished, beating my banishing. In fact, it had less to do with my aptitude than with my own uncertainty. Her words had struck something in me. A little sparkle of marvel, wonder that possibly there was some wacky method to end this war. In the event that the legends were valid. In the event that Deanna wasn't lying. In the event that I didn't bite the dust setting out alone on a slippery excursion. Shaking my head, I again chastised myself for releasing her. Next time. Next time I'd exile her to the Underworld when I saw her face. For the time being, I needed to go to Dorian. I'd burned through an excess of time. Quickly, I repacked my sack and went on my way. Tim Lara still sat in the lounge. Perceiving what the pack implied, Tim again quieted the TV, a unique look of worry all over. â€Å"Eug †¦ wouldn't you say heading toward Never Land is a poorly conceived notion in the wake of getting your butt kicked tonight?† â€Å"You should see the other guy.† I moved the sack, cautious to keep it on my great shoulder and away from my back. â€Å"Besides, miserable for what it's worth, I believe I'm more secure there than here.† He moaned, and I was unable to support a grin. I looked at Lara. â€Å"I'll be back when I can.† Her face was as grave as Tim's. â€Å"I don't believe we're charging enough.† I snickered. â€Å"Probably not.† I left them for a door that opened up close to Dorian's. I had a grapple in his mansion as well, and traverse close by pulled me to it. I showed up in a little, void chamber that he saved only for the grapple. Indeed, even harmed, I'd had no trouble making the change. Quite a while prior, I was unable to try and cross in human structure. I'd come over as my soul's totem: a dim swan. Presently, coming here was as simple as venturing through an entryway. My capacity had in fact developed, something that Kiyo and my folks dreaded. I didn't get much of anywhere down the contiguous lobby before I was spotted by a worker. â€Å"Your Majesty!† he faltered, dealing with a cumbersome bow. â€Å"The ruler has been expecting you.† â€Å"Then take me to him,† I said. Supper had since a long time ago finished, and Dorian was in one of his luxurious parlors, encompassed by a bunch of instructors and commanders. Incredibly, Masthera stayed there as well, off in a corner where she watched instead of took part in the gathering. Dorian's face was quiet and gathered as he addressed the others, yet his demeanor broke a little when he saw me. â€Å"Eugenie!† In a couple of steps, he was over the room. Something split within me as well, something that was along these lines, so happy to see him fit as a fiddle. In spite of Volusian's report, I'd expected to see Dorian alive for myself. My heart expand, and I let go of my antipathy for upper class customs. I dropped the pack and folded my arms over his neck, looking for his lips before he could scarcely even get his hands on me. He held my hips as we kissed, the intensity of that kiss clearing my body and filling it with heat as I squeezed against him. It was out of nowhere straightforward why upper class in some cases wanted to have intercourse in broad daylight. No such choice was given to me since Dorian's hands slid up my abdomen, freezing when he contacted the gauzes. He pulled away suddenly, contemplating me with wonder. I despite everything wore my tank top, giving a full perspective on the medical clinic's workmanship. â€Å"Good despondency, woman,† he shouted. â€Å"What happened?† I gave as indifferent a shrug as he would. â€Å"I got in a battle. With a fetch.† He gazed. â€Å"She tossed a table at me.† Dorian looked past me, over at the worker who'd accompanied me to the room. â€Å"Get a healer.† â€Å"No, don't,† I said. The person faltered, looking between us, conflicted between two orders. â€Å"You need your healers for the armed forces. This looks more awful than it is.† That wasn't totally obvious. The painkillers I'd been given were wearing off, making the scratches irritated and sore. However, I was unable to shake Volusian's words about death and injury. I wouldn't remove any healers from the armed forces. I gave Dorian an admonition

If free essay sample

In the event that is an expression of the past and myself all in all doesn’t truly like the word itself. It reminds about the past and what I could have improved and furthermore makes me think about what might have occurred in the event that I accomplished something, or on the off chance that I had invested more energy, or on the off chance that I had gotten passing marks. I truly don’t like the word in light of the fact that it’s before and I embrace current circumstances and until they make a type of a time machine or the like I will even now be in the present. Be that as it may, in the event that I could return in time which I truly don’t like to consider I would do things much more contrastingly then what I am doing today. The main thing that I would need to do in the event that somebody asked me what might you do on the off chance that you could return in time is that I would backtrack to the beginning of ninth grade and never slack of on my evaluatio ns and consistently keep that main need over all before whatever else, supposing that I would have done that then I would be in this circumstance that I’m in right realize that I need to get passing marks in each and every subject just to get my GPA to an okay stage for me that I can scarcely make it to school. We will compose a custom article test on In the event that or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Likewise on the off chance that I could accomplish something different I would need to change my disposition towards work and quit being so apathetic about work and contemplating. In any case, I surmise that’s why the word if is expressed if in light of the fact that its something that you would never show signs of change in your life.

Founder Jeremy Shinewald Comments on GRE in the WSJ

Blog Archive MBA News mbaMission President/Founder Jeremy Shinewald Comments on GRE in the WSJ This week, the  Wall Street Journal offers insight into the rising popularity of the GRE among business school applicants, suggesting that the exam may help business schools attract students from outside disciplines. While the GMAT has historically reigned supreme among MBA entrance exams, many schools are seeing a spike in the number of applicants who are submitting GRE scores. Although only 10% of all exam-taking MBA hopefuls sat for the GRE last year, this figure represents a 10% increase over the same period the year prior, according to data from the Educational Testing Service. The jump in GRE-takers may reflect “the GMAT’s loosening stronghold on the industry,” in addition to “applicants’ anxiety about that assessments integrated reasoning section.’” Nonetheless, many applicants remain ambivalent toward the GRE. mbaMission President and Founder Jeremy Shinewald is cited in the article, explaining that applicants may have difficulty discerning how seriously they should take the GRE and how to size up their scores. “It’s maddening. You can say it until you’re blue in the face, and for whatever reason, some people will never believe that the GRE is equal [to the GMAT].” Share ThisTweet News

The Early Native American Tribes - 845 Words

The early Native American tribes had a huge influence on the United States of America. They saved the early European settlers from death and starvation by teaching them their knowledge of the New World. One of these influential tribes were the Cherokee Indians. The Cherokee Indians had a fascinating culture and language that formed an important part of American history. The Cherokee Indians were large in numbers when the first contact was made with them. â€Å"At the time of European contact, the Cherokees numbered about twenty-two thousand and controlled more than forty square miles of land† (Hoxie 105). Twenty-two thousand is a lot of people for the 17th century. The Cherokee have grown even larger in size since then. â€Å" In the 1990 census, 308,132 people identified themselves as Cherokees† (Hoxie 105). In a few centuries, they grew by almost three-hundred thousand people. Many of the Cherokee are currently living in North Carolina and Oklahoma. In these places they have created many strong businesses. Most of the casinos in the United States are owned by Indian families. Their size helped them in many early wars. The Indians were at peace with many of the early settlers, but in some cases, there was conflict. The settlers needed the Indians help when they first arrived to the New World. The Indians were masters at farming, hunting, and making crafts. â€Å" Their crops included corn, beans, squash, pumpkins, sunflowers, and tobacco† (Waldman 1). They taught the Europeans how toShow MoreRelatedEssay on Our Hearts Fell to the Ground1501 Words   |  7 PagesOur Hearts Fell to the Ground Questions The history of the Plains Indians and the American West is very interesting. The book Our Hearts Fell to the Ground by Colin G. Calloway really goes in depth on how life was for the Native American people, as well as the progression of the American West. I really felt that the book was a good source of information on the lives of the Native Americans and had an excellent outlook on how they lived their everyday lives. This book possesses many illustrationsRead MoreNative North Americans : Justification For Indians1545 Words   |  7 Pages Native North Americans: Justification for Indians   Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout the history of America many people, and even countries have helped create the government and all the cities to be what they are today.   Without those who traveled here in the 15th, and 16th century many of us wouldn’t be here now; living free, and comfortably with many jobs and opportunities for ourselves. With greatness there is always a downfall, but because we worship and thank early settlers we do not pay much mind to those whoRead MoreConflict Between Native Americans And Early Euro American Settlers1527 Words   |  7 PagesClashes between the Native Americans and early Euro-American settlers were inevitable. 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Intermarriage between Native American women and male settlers, traders, and explorers also took placeRead MoreEssay about Europeans and Native Americans In The New World1107 Words   |  5 PagesEuropeans and Native Americans in the New World Disease and Medicine along with war and religion were three ways American history has changed. When the colonists came over from Europe they unknowingly changed the world forever in ways they couldnt have imagined. These effects were present to both Native Americans and Europeans. Some of these changes made life easier for both Native Americans and Europeans but some made relations worse too. And some effects wouldnt show up until it was too lateRead MoreEnglish Relationship Between English Indians And Native Americans1092 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween English settlers and Native American tribes were central to both the successes and the failures of the early English colonies in America. Although conflict often characterized relationships between the so-called â€Å"Indians† and the English, many of the initial colonies owed their survival and successes to the natives. The Native Americans were valuable trading partners, occasional allies, and aid in sickness and famine. Ho wever, various conflicts between tribes and settlers lead to attacksRead MoreA Backstabbing Country1487 Words   |  6 Pageslate 1800s to the early 1900s. Although the relocation of Native Americans was far superior than the earlier genocide, it was still distant from the ideal â€Å"life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness† that the United States was hypothetically offering all people. When the English settlers first arrived to North America, they fought the Eastern Indians in a form of self-defense; however, in the late 1700s and early 1800s, the United States government started relocating Native Americans entirely because

The Nature of Loyalty Essay - 669 Words

The Nature of Loyalty In the play King Lear, Shakespeare presents the reader with many negative views of society, and of human nature. One of the few bright spots in the play is Kent, a very loyal and honest man. Through Kent and his actions, Shakespeare shows the reader the nature of true loyalty. Kents nature is evident from the very first time he talks to Lear. Lear has begun to detail his disappointment in Cordelia, and announce that he will not be providing her with a dowry. Kent interrupts Lears speech with a cry of Good my liege (Shakespeare 17). This is a very risky move on the part of Kent, as he knows that Lear may not be in a rational state of mind, and may take any disagreeing with him as a challenge. Through this,†¦show more content†¦Kent is also quick to point out that Lear may be making his decision to banish Cordelia due to madness, and not reason. He is brutally honest when he says Be Kent unmannerly When Lear is mad. What wouldst thou do, old man? Thinkest thou that duty shall have dread to speak When power to flattery bows? (Shakespeare 17). This statement show the reader two things about the nature of loyalty. The first is that a truly loyal person is not afraid to use brutal honesty, if thats whats needed to get the point across. This is seen late r on with the Fool, another character who is loyal to Lear, and who is certainly not afraid to be honest with him. The second thing that this statement does is reinforce the point that a truly loyal person is not afraid of the consequences of their actions. Where before Kent was taking a risk by arguing with Lear, he now calls him a crazy old man, which he knows will be taken for an insult. Kent points out that just because Lear is his King, and he is obligated to serve him, it does not mean that he will be afraid to be honest with him when Lear is making a poor decision. 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The adaptation expands on the acts of servitude in the original by providing individuals beholden to superiors with rationales behind their loyalty. The display of loyalty toward a master serves as a means to achieve the goal one seeks to attain in the future. In the case of Ariel, a spirit serving Prospero, he experienced servitude long before when Sycorax, a witch subjecting him to performing her commands

Descriptive Essay Saltwater Lake - 1272 Words

The warm humid air seeped through the cracked open windows and into the house. You could hear the sounds of birds chirping in the woods behind the house. â€Å"Sam, wanna go swimming at Saltwater lake!† yelled Ben from the over decorated kitchen into the under decorated living room where I was in. â€Å"Because me and Devyn are going!† Ben yelled again, while I was laying on the couch watching tv, and sipping a ice cold Pepsi (not a paid sponsor). Saltwater Lake is the only lake that has saltwater in it. â€Å"That sounds like fun, but aren t there sharks in that lake, because you know that I hate sharks!† I yelled back, but my voice was kind of trembly because I am terrified of sharks. Nobody knows why I am scared of sharks, I ve never told†¦show more content†¦It was the beginning of summer vacation so we said sure we will go for a little ride. So we got in the boat and we drove off. I asked the stranger. â€Å"So, what is your name† â€Å"Billy† â€Å"Okay† It was kind of awkward but the view was great. We could see bald eagles in the trees, and there was still a little bit of fog left from the morning. When we got out by the deep part of the lake, I realized that this was where the sharks are. So I started to shake and sweat. We are out too far, this is really sketchy. I thought. We stopped. Ben was looking over the edge of the boat into the water, when the stranger pushed him overboard! â€Å"Oh, %$#@† I said, but quickly grabbed my mouth so no other swear words would come out. At first I thought that he was going to get eaten by a shark, but when my adrenaline kicked in I took off my shoes and dove into the water because his head did not reach the surface. My heart was racing as fast as lightning mcqueen. I didn’t even care about that memory and I swam down. Then I saw him and the shark had him! He was struggling so I knew that he was not dead yet. So I swam to the surface to grab a spear gun that I saw before he fell in. So I hopped on the boat and grabbed the gun and told Devyn to grab the other spear gun and jump in. So we both grabbed the spear gun and headed down. By this point he was under water for about 1 min andShow MoreRelatedDescriptive Essay : Saltwater Lake1274 Words   |  6 Pagesin the woods behind the house. â€Å"Sam, wanna go swimming at Saltwater lake!† yelled Ben from the over decorated kitchen into the under decorated living room where I was in. â€Å"Because me and Devyn are going!† Ben yelled again, while I was laying on the couch watching tv, and sipping an ice cold Pepsi (not a paid sponsor). Saltwater Lake is the only lake that has saltwater in it. â€Å"That sounds like fun, but aren t there sharks in that lake, because you know that I hate sharks!† I yelled back, but

Accounting Business Analysis Fraudulent Financial

Question: Discuss about the Accounting Business Analysisfor Fraudulent Financial. Answer: Introduction The report is about Roshill, one of the companies that operate around 150-hectare landfill site. The company is said to be operating a garbage collection business. This has permitted the firm to locate good potential landfill site, getting all permits required as well as acqyuiring small rubbish collection businesses in providing captive customers for collecting from other contractors and for landfill. With these considerations, this paper presents analysis of the main issues being experienced in Roshill in terms of fraudulent financial reporting, independence of auditors as well as corporate strategies in order to provide recommendations on whether Sam should sell his shares immediately or whether he should wait. Discussion and Analysis Fraudulent Financial Reporting The company is currently performing poorly in terms of financial position due to the fact that after reclassification of some of the financial statements items to expenses, it is said to report huge net losses over the years. In addition, from this case, it is evident that Roshill was actually using fraudulent financial reporting before the announcement of the change in its accounting policy. This is based on the fact that by changing its accounting policy, its share prices decreased from around $31 to $11 within a day. This also resulted to reinstatement of the companys net income for the year 2015 to net loss. There was another fraudulent financial reporting where by the capitalization formula used by the company resulted in around $4 million of the costs having been capitalized twice; hence, lowering the 2015 expenses and resulting in an increase in its reported profits. This is totally acceptable and unethical for any company since this could give a false picture of the financial performance of the company; attracting more investors to invest in this firm. Furthermore, there is a fraudulent financial reporting in this case where by the company capitalized $43 million of the indirect costs incurred in obtaining rubbish collection and the $27 million in the start-up costs which were supposed to be classified as expenses. This act resulted in falsified financial data of the company; hence, swaying potential investors to invest in the company. From this case, it is evident that the companys act of keeping overhead expenses low and gross profit margin high is another sign of fraudulent financial reporting since it resulted in untrue figures and picture of the companys performance. In addition, the accounting act of accounting for the indirect costs for the landfills as well as other properties was a fraudulent financial reporting since it resulted in exaggeration of the companys after-tax earnings by around $362 million and a reported $149 million in profits for the 2009-2015 which was not the actual figures. Auditors Independence In addition, in this case, it is evident that auditors independence was interrupted by the CEO. This is based on the fact that the auditor and CFO had been partners in auditing the companys financial statements, before Kelly became the CFO. In essence, there is interruption of auditors independence in that while the auditor was conducting their audit work, they had to consult Kelly who was at one point the audit partner before becoming the CFO. This resulted to interruption of the auditors independence while conducting their audit work. There is also a decrease in shares to less than $7 as a result of change in auditors. This decrease might have been as a result of fear of shareholders that the audit report could find out that the company was incurring huge losses; hence, resulting in significant decrease in share prices to very low levels. Corporate Strategies Issues There is also some corporate strategies issues where by investors were unaware of the companys accounting policies for the indirect costs that were not disclosed in the accounting policies footnotes. Failure to disclose the accounting policies resulted to poor corporate and accounting strategies since it resulted in exaggeration of financial data unnoticed by investors. Nature of the Business Currently, the company is currently experience some financial difficulties with in its businesses. In essence, despite the company adopting expansion strategy in acquiring rubbing collection businesses, the business is a bit involving and costly; making the company to sell around 26% of its take for $10 million in IPO. This has made the company business to be operations instead of being developmental. The business is also said to be experiencing a huge loss over the period. It is also Conclusion In conclusion, it is evident that Roshill has been using fraudulent financial reporting over the past few years and particularly in the financial year 2014 and 2015. This mainly as a result of huge losses that were reported after reclassification of some of the items in the asset accounts as expenses. In addition, it is evident that Roshill operations were all marked with numerous challenges; hence, increased losses. Recommendation Based on above analysis and with the fact that Roshill reported a net loss instead of profit for the financial year 2015 and given that its share price decreased from as high as $37 in 2016 to around $4 per shares, it would be advisable for Sam Miller should not sell off all his shares immediately. This is based on the fact that by selling his shares immediately, he is likely to incur some huge losses as a result of this decrease in share prices. In essence, Sam should not sell his shares immediately but should at least wait for the audit report in order to get an idea whether there is any probability of price of these shares to increase in future. References Carcello, J. V., Nagy, A. L. (2004). Audit firm tenure and fraudulent financial reporting.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,23(2), 55-69. Umar, A., Anandarajan, A. (2004). Dimensions of pressures faced by auditors and its impact on auditors independence: a comparative study of the USA and Australia.Managerial auditing journal,19(1), 99-116.

Many violent films are box office hits Essay Example

Many violent films are box office hits Essay Between 2000B.C. and 44 A.D., the ancient Egyptians entertained themselves with plays re-enacting the murder of their god Osiris, and the spectacle, history tells us, led to a number of copycat killings. The ancient Romans were given to lethal spectator sports as well, and in 380 B.C. Saint Augustine lamented that his society was addicted to gladiator games and drunk with the fascination of bloodshed. Nowadays, before the age of eighteen, the average American teen will have witnessed eighteen thousand simulated murders on TV, it is to no surprise that First Lady Laura Bush, said that American children, Im afraid, are addicted to television. And it has been considered that TV is the single most significant factor contributing to violence in America (Ted Turner). Violence in the media and particularly in film is not always considered a negative aspect since some think that it benefits people in ways that is hard to do in everyday life, especially young people, in everyday situations. T he reason for violent films being box office hits could be for a variety of reasons, but one thing is for sure, people enjoy watching the downfall of others.Ong Bak: The Thai Warrior (2005) was designed to showcase as much action as possible. There are fixed fights, double-crosses, and city-wide chases and that makes the film have a charm that is winning. Lines like Dispose of them and meet me in the cave will encourage a mixed reaction and this allows different viewers to see the film in different ways. This is done due to the way in which the line is put across. It is done in a relaxed manor and could suggest the character is sadistic, or the tone could suggest that it is not the first time that he has effectively sentenced someone to death. This ambiguity could be drawn from the experience one has in the particular genre. The particular selling point of this film is that it is advertised to have No Stunts, No Wires, No CGI. This unique selling point will attract an audience to go and see the film, particularly audiences that are already fans of the martial art genre. The sort of martial arts in the film is such that has not been seen before which gives it a break from the conventional martial arts used in these sorts of films. This could contribute to why violent films become box office hits.The director, Prachya Pinkaew, uses many different media institutions to help the audience to really get involved with the film. Using these allows not only regular martial arts genre viewers to enjoy the film, but people who are new to it. One of these techniques is to use different camera angles. In countless moments in the film, low-angle shots are used on Ting (lead character) to represent the power and presence that he has. There is one instance when he is about to fight against a character who could be characterised as Tings rival and these shots are used a lot in the build up to the fight. This is to make the audience feel confident that he will win. In this part icular moment, the equilibrium is broken because he actually loses the fight. This shows a new side to Ting and shows the audience that he is, like everyone else, only human. The fact Prachya Pinkaew (director) shows that Ting can lose makes the audience sympathise with him more when he fights from then on. The lighting used in the film also shows the audience something that one might not notice if the low-key, high contrast lighting was not used.The fact that this lighting is used, and usually only before and during a fight scene, emphasises certain minute details. At one point in the film, when Ting is about to fight his rival for the second time, there is a close up of his body and low-key lighting is used. This lets the audience see the definition of his body and appreciate the extent to which he is strong. Another way in which the audience may be attracted to seeing his muscles is that this is homoerotic. Assuming that the audience is going to mostly be male to this violent mar tial arts film, his muscles will allude to the ideology of toughness. Especially in this film also, the violence which is displayed throughout could be a brutal representation of sexual release. Furthermore, the viewing of his muscles and the definition of them will allow the audience to understand the control he must have needed to get that body. It would have taken training for hours and eating correctly. This control could be something that the men in the audience, primarily, could be envious of. These techniques allow the viewer to understand more about the situation and thus let them enjoy it more than they may have without such techniques.One negative view that an audience has of the effect of violence in film is the hypodermic needle model. This is when it is believed that the violence the people see in the media encourages viewers to imitate what they see. Jeffrey McIntyre, a legislative and federal affairs officer for the American Psychological Association, said The evidenc e is overwhelming. To argue against it is like arguing against gravity. and there is a lot of evidence that supports this view. The only problem is, is that the only thing someone can do is assume that it was violence in films that provokes certain crimes. The most famous example would be the murder of James Bulger. Two children, both 11, abducted and killed the two year old boy. It is believed that the boys had access to one of their fathers violent film collection and watched them regularly. One of the murders on one of the films is allegedly very similar to the one committed by the boys.Theres nothing wrong with adults having access to adult entertainment, but theres a problem when kids do (Bakari Kitwana) This would support the argument that violence does cause people to imitate what they see but as is argued against this, despite what films show, the bottom line is that people have the ability to think for themselves. If people do imitate what they see, it is down to the person , not the indoctrination by media violence. The idea that one might imitate what they see around them is shunned in Ong Bak when the helper of Ting suggests that he fights for money but Ting, despite the fact that it was happening all around him, says no. This denial, to what could be seen as a form of peer pressure, from the hero passes a message to the audience that even if everyone is doing something, or someone you might look up to, this does not mean you have to do it. This sort of message in the film and similar films in the genre, could account for some of the popularity of them due to the subliminal messages in them, thus leads it to be box office hits.All films nowadays come with a certificate and details of what is in the film, written by the British Board of Film Classification. With this, one can determine what is in the film before hand so is not forced to watch it. It is up to the consumer to decide what they want to watch and if they decide to watch it, they should fe el that they are able to see violence in film and not be affected in a negative way. People cannot see the type of violence that they see in films, in everyday life and, even if it sounds sadistic, this is a release for people. This just means it is something different that one can basically only experience through the media. Ong Bak has a different fighting style than your conventional martial arts film and therefore allows people to see something different. This difference to the norm and the release that violence in film may bring could contribute to the fact that a lot of violent films are box office hits.The way in which the actual martial arts are presented to the audience is different also. The majority of films in this particular genre just show the fights as the come. Ong Bak experiments with different techniques to emphasise what has just been done. One such example of this is the use of slow-motion. After Ting does a particularly hard bit of fighting skill, it will show i t again in slow motion and in some instances, repeats it several times. This will allow the audience to really get a feel to what has happened and just how hard it is to do. When asked, the director said that the reason this was done was to show off what Tony Jaa (Ting) could do. The convention of using slow motion opens up many opportunities for director to emphasise not only the achievement in the film, but Tings body as well. Yet again, this is homo-erotic and the audience will take pleasure in seeing the muscles work and the strain and stress of the action performed. There is one scene in the film that is actually only put in so that the audience could see the extent of Tony Jaas abilities.This scene is a chase through market and Jaa is seen to be jumping over cars and through loops of barbed wire. This scene brings a lot of action early on so that the audience will stay interested throughout. During this part, slow-motions and repetitions of the action is used somewhat excessiv ely to highlight to the audience what they have just seen. When a feat is seen again, it is usually from different angles as well which shows the audience certain aspects of it that they may not have picked up on the first time around. This bombardment of action would be likely to entice the audience to pay much more attention to the film than they might usually do. This increased attention would be needed in violent films as violence itself is very simple. If someone annoys someone, they hit them. This is something that can be done in film but life is not like that and there would be consequences. This simplicity could lead to them enjoying it more, promoting it through word of mouth and thus accounting for the popularity of the film.There are other arguments against violence in film and one such argument is that it de-sensitises the audience to violence in general. This is called the culmination effect. According to this theory, violence in film excites children but the more they see, the more they need to excite them, this result in them becoming less shocked by real life violence. Donald Roberts, a professor at Stanford, disagrees with this and says that the industry insisted that viewing had little or no effect on youngsters. Having said this, the CBS (popular television channel) President, Les Moonves, says that Anyone who thinks the media [have] nothing to do with [youth violence] is an idiot. This is a very bold statement from someone of his position and someone who has his influence is likely to be listened to and he is suggesting that violence in film does have a negative affect on society in general and thus makes it debauched.Even with all the evidence against violence in film, arguments still exists to protect media violence and one of these is the argument that it is a form of free expression. It is a common view that even if all media violence was censored, it will not solve the root causes of violence in society. Deciding what is acceptable con tent is a subjective exercise and should not be done by the government but by the parents of, or the people who watch the films. Many of the films banned in the past are considered classics today. This could be because the audience has been de-sensitised to the violence over the years, however, this does not change the view that one should be offered free speech. If media violence is one such free speech, then it should be allowed. The fact that these previously banned films become popular in the future could be because of the fact that they were banned. It is human nature for people to want what they cannot have and by banning the films; it entices people to see it. This could explain the popularity of some violent films.Despite the arguments that violence in film de-sensitises the audience, some say that it actually sensitises people to the effects of violence. Some violence in film can be so horrific that it actually puts people off violence and makes them more aware of its conse quences. Some people relate to this theory and could go and see violent films for this reason, thus making them box office hits. To further this idea, the majority of violence in film is done against the bad people in the film by the heroes. Ong Bak is filmed in this way and shows the lead character, Ting, only using violence when he feels he has to. This judgement, some might argue, cannot be made by someone, but since the audience becomes so well acquainted with Ting and his apparently selfless ways, we accept his decision to be correct. At first he refused to fight but does so after the man taunting him hits a woman.He does not go as far as defending her because it was only when he hit her he helped, before that he was throwing her around and Ting did not bat an eyelid. Throughout the film, Ting is constantly faced by people who are trying to kill him but when we see him defending himself, he does so in a manner that merely neutralises the enemies. This is another element of fant asy because when faced with someone who wants to kill someone else, just neutralising them would very likely be difficult to do, to say the least. Through this, he is not justifying that knocking someone out is the right thing to do because he only fought when he had to, like at gun point and for the fate of his village. This represents that killing is an act done by evil people and is not a good thing. After he has succeeded in what he set out to do (save his village), Ting returns home and becomes a monk. We see him as a monk and accept that he has become a better person due to saving the village. This shows that even though he has committed acts of violence, he has become a better person.This is another idea of fantasy that he can just return from all the violence and go back to being a monk. This shows composure and independence on Tings part but if prevoked, can defend himself. This fantasy could be another appealing factor of violent films. This brings back the idea of control . In order to become a monk would take years of discipline and training, like learning the art of Muay Thai would be, and this control could be an attractive attribute for the audience. On top of the representation of killing as a negative thing, the fact that the type of fighting used is unique and has rarely been seen before, it may make people more interested in the particular culture. Muay Thai, which is the fighting style used, is a big part of Thai monk lifestyle and this film is educating the audience about this. This is a type of free speech as it is allowing the directors and writers to tell a story to educate. The Director himself, Prachya Pinkaew, said that he made the film to not only show the unique and magnificent art of Muay Thai, but to teach people about the beliefs that the Thai community encompass. Even though not all violent films do this, the fact that this film does, could account for its popularity, along with other martial arts films, or violent films in gene ral.Whether the violence in films is presented as a good or a bad act, it is very rare, if ever that the film shows the consequences of the acts of violence. This theory suggests that inhibitions about violent behaviour are broken down due to the fact that it goes unpunished in films on the most part. It is not just a punishment that is lacking in the films but when someone gets shot, that someone is paralyzed, that these people have families. Theres no one, unless theyre totally isolated, who isnt affected by that. (Robin Williams) This would not make the audience, especially children, aware that there are any consequences and make them more likely to be violent to others.Media violence is qualitatively different to real violence and this is the view of people who see violence in film as a type of artistic expression. Gerard Jones, a comic-book creator, says that violent films allows people to pull themselves out of emotional traps integrating the scariest, most fervently denied fr agments of their psyches into fuller sense of selfhood through fantasies of superhuman combat and destruction. What this means is that people can relate to the hero in violent films and by relating to them, or as a child, pretending to have superhuman powers, could help them conquer many different aspects such as the feeling of powerlessness or social competition. Children need violent entertainment in order to explore the inescapable feelings that they have been taught to deny (Melanie Moore, Ph.D., psychologist) This makes violence in films very beneficial and helps both adults and children in events that they may have felt uncomfortable doing beforehand. This would defiantly work with Ong Bak as Ting uses his violence only for good and as a necessity or defence to achieve his aim. The audience could relate to this character. This help that this, and likely, many other martial arts films and violent films brings, could be another factor to why this genre of film is particularly po pular and are successful as box office hits.As in every film in this genre, there are characters that are delineated to be bad. These characters are represented, through obvious techniques to be evil so that the audience can identify them easily and know who to dislike. The techniques that they use are that they simply contrast the character of Ting onto another. Everything that Ting is good for, (honour, loyalty, selflessness) the bad characters are the opposite. They are presented to be hurting innocent people, performing acts of meaningless vandalism and most of all, hating and hurting the character that the audience feel connected to the most, Ting. If the hero in any film is hurt by another character (the villain) then this character will be disliked by the audience. This technique is used most but more subtle techniques are used as well. When the villains are seen, they are seen to be obviously different from the hero. One villain is British, for example, and starts to taunt t he art of Muay Thai.This character also has long black hair that covers the majority of his face. This technique of hiding the characters face suggests he has something to hide which is usually an attribute to a villain. There is another character that is presented to be evil by his fighting style and the way in which people react to him. When the character is seen, others move away and cower as they are afraid of him. The reason for this soon becomes evident as he fights viciously with broken bottles and chairs. Unlike the previously mentioned villain, this character is not shown to be British, or anything else for that matter as all he does is scream and growl. This simple technique of not giving a character lines and simply making him scream will automatically give the audience the impression that he is evil. The fact that Ong Bak, and martial arts films in general, are made so that the evil characters are easily identifiable, will not force the audience to consider the ulterior motives of characters that appear quite often in modern films, and just enjoy the martial arts action that people would have gone to see.Even considering that violence in films may help some people by relating to the hero in the story, there are still many negative effects it can bring, and not all of them are violence based. Racism can also be brought about by the violence that is seen in some films. Some of these films focus on crime committed by black people and lead people to believe, especially in America, that it is all true, that black people are the sole reason for crime and that they all carry guns. This leads to racism by the people who believe this and could even lead to more violence. Actor Tim Reid says that hes not sure black folks fully understand the power that media has in our life. He is talking about the power of indoctrination that it has. The fact that people will see violence being committed by a black person in a film and assume that that is what they are like .There is neither substantial evidence for or against the accusation that violence in film has a negative effect on its audience but there are many reported incidents that appear to have been the result of witnessing violence in film. It has been said that consistent exposure to stories and scenes of violence and terror can mobilize aggressive tendencies, desensitise some, isolate others, intimidate many and trigger violent action in a few. (George Gerbner, Author of Terror in the Mass Media) On top of this, it can help some through difficult times and give others confidence to act on something they felt intimidated by previously. One cannot place a label on violence in film being a good or a bad thing, but each individual person is entitled to their opinion on the matter.David Link, for example, says What is really the issue here is the war within human nature, the conflicts between what we know to be the law and what we feel. This suggests that some people watching media violence might not appreciate what they feel within themselves, they could be worried about there own violent feelings. However, others might have enjoyed it for what it was, a simple film with inconsequential violence. Violence affects everyone differently and could be bad for some, but good for others. It would be safe to assume that the majority felt it as a positive thing and this could account for the popularity of violent films and explain why they are commonly box office hits.

Free Essays on Gas Prices

Gasoline is produced by a distillation process where crude oil is heated and fumes are captured and converted into many products such as kerosene, jet fuel, and gasoline to name a few. Therefore the price of crude oil, which is extracted from oil wells beneath the earths surface, is a major factor in gas prices. The five leading oil-producing countries and their approximate shares of the world supply of oil are: Soviet Union 21%, Saudi Arabia 17%, The United States 15%, Venezuela 4%, and Mexico 4%. These five countries made up 61 % of the worlds oil production back in 1980. Even though The United States is a major producer of oil, it does not make them self-sufficient. The United States uses more oil than they can produce and must look towards foreign countries. An organization called O.P.E.C. controls approximately four fifths of the worlds oil reserves in the non-communist world. The United States is forced to deal with O.P.E.C., not only in its own interests, but also in the inter est of its allies and in the interest of maintaining peace. The former Soviet Union may now have an interest in selling some of their oil that they have a tremendous amount of. O.P.E.C. which stands for Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, is made up of 13 countries: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Qatar, Indonesia, Libya, United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, and Gabon. O.P.E.C. was founded in Baghdad, Iraq in September of 1960. It was organized in response to oil producing countries that did not consult with the Middle Eastern oil states before lowering their crude oil prices. The producers feared that other countries would establish monopolies. The aim of O.P.E.C. was to create a universal price between the countries, in order to ensure peace between oil producers throughout the world. O.P.E.C. also wanted to provide its members with technical and economic support in times of need, since not all the countries were complet... Free Essays on Gas Prices Free Essays on Gas Prices Gasoline is produced by a distillation process where crude oil is heated and fumes are captured and converted into many products such as kerosene, jet fuel, and gasoline to name a few. Therefore the price of crude oil, which is extracted from oil wells beneath the earths surface, is a major factor in gas prices. The five leading oil-producing countries and their approximate shares of the world supply of oil are: Soviet Union 21%, Saudi Arabia 17%, The United States 15%, Venezuela 4%, and Mexico 4%. These five countries made up 61 % of the worlds oil production back in 1980. Even though The United States is a major producer of oil, it does not make them self-sufficient. The United States uses more oil than they can produce and must look towards foreign countries. An organization called O.P.E.C. controls approximately four fifths of the worlds oil reserves in the non-communist world. The United States is forced to deal with O.P.E.C., not only in its own interests, but also in the inter est of its allies and in the interest of maintaining peace. The former Soviet Union may now have an interest in selling some of their oil that they have a tremendous amount of. O.P.E.C. which stands for Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, is made up of 13 countries: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Qatar, Indonesia, Libya, United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, and Gabon. O.P.E.C. was founded in Baghdad, Iraq in September of 1960. It was organized in response to oil producing countries that did not consult with the Middle Eastern oil states before lowering their crude oil prices. The producers feared that other countries would establish monopolies. The aim of O.P.E.C. was to create a universal price between the countries, in order to ensure peace between oil producers throughout the world. O.P.E.C. also wanted to provide its members with technical and economic support in times of need, since not all the countries were complet...

Differentiating Between Market Structures Essay

Differentiating Between Market Structures - Essay Example The attraction of the consumers is ensured through high quality products. The products where the company specializes in are not available easily in the market and therefore the company has the opportunity to cement the consumer base. The company can thus control the bargaining power of the consumers. The needs of the consumers can be readily analyzed and they are assisted in taking the advantage of the buying opportunities. The customers are driven towards the shops with the help of the discounts offer. The supply chain managers of the company can recognize the importance of the customers in their business. They are aware that attracting more customers will involve more sales which in turn mean more revenue and profits. The customers are retained through the modes of product variety and low costs. The services offered are efficient and ensures that customers do not queue up in the shops of the competitors. The customer loyalty has been gained by the company through the modes of custo mer retention and widening up more opportunities for the customers which increases the customer sovereignty and the customers have the option to choose the products that suit their preferences. Competitors never got the chance to drive away consumers from Kedler Fine Foods. In order to compete effectively the competitors are forced to make additional expenses in terms of marketing and advertisements. Competitive strategies Branding ensures that the customers associated with the company believe in innovation and quality. The customers want value for money and so the company engages in providing top quality support to them. The efficient delivery system has paved the way for higher profits while the lack in innovation can lead to reduced sales and revenue. The company has been able to invent new product styles and effective delivery system upon placement of orders. Internet marketing is the strategy that was adopted by the company to promote the products. The website offers informatio n on a variety of products, details on delivery system and some other information that may be necessary for the customers (Porter, 1985). The online customer relationship is an effective way of managing the business and to deal with the customers in prompt fashion. Positioning is a strategy that tends to increase profits. The company enjoys the top position in offering fine quality products to the customers who demand quality with competitive prices. The company targets the middle class customers and focuses to cement the customers’ base with time. Market Structure The company operates in the market of perfect competition. A large number of small firms comprise the market for perfect competition. Each firm is small compared to the entire market. The comprising firms set the identical products. The customers as well as the firms are well informed about the prices. In the short run the firms can change only the variable factor namely labor. The other decisions are predetermined . In the long run the firms have the potential to change their scale. In the short run when the existing price is less than the average cost curve it is better for the firm to close down. Several buyers are present in this market. The market offers products that are substitutable. There are no barriers to entry and therefore provides a level playing field for the new entrants (Etro, 2009). The forces of demand and supply determine the prices of the products and since the company under

Real Estate Development MSc Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Real Estate Development MSc - Personal Statement Example f structures often blind to others and enabled me to gain deeper understanding of the CAD programs which contributed to the success during my work experiences. However, it became apparent that finished buildings and structures were not the entire processes, the overlaps that existed between the buildings and business made me want to dig deeper in this process that is why I have chosen to incline my career towards this direction. Though designing structures, still interests me what interest me, the most is the cost and management side of the structures. I have gone through numerous blogs and studied resource works from RICS’s surveying.com and have become intrigued by the behind the scenes logistics and work effort that are undertaken to construct buildings. A change of heart in interests has formed the basis of changing my career to be a quantity surveyor. I engaged in work placement with Northacre on may last year where my interest in the building of structures developed. I also gained practical experience in the process. Most important is that I gained firsthand knowledge on completion of a construction project from scratch, analyzing the development issues and solutions to the issues during different phases of construction. Precisely I gained experience on the various factors that have to be taken into account, whether they are related to the designs or the stockholders. I learnt how to create designs using the CAD software and how to make the presentations to clients. During my time at Northacre I spent a lot of time engaging with both architects and quantity surveyors. It is at his point that I decided that the property development side was my way to go and follow. I have been greatly inspired by the experience I have gained during my placement period that is why I have selected property development as the topic of my dissertation that proves my desire and thirst for knowledge of the construction development process. I marvel at built world that surrounds

Value of lessons Essay Example for Free

Value of lessons Essay When the monster recounts the early memories of his life, he explains: it was a long time before I could distinguish between the operations of my various senses. This helps us to sympathise with him as we view him similarly to a helpless new born child. By Shelley providing this knowledge of his innocence, it acts as evidence that he is not an evil creature, and started his life with no malicious intentions, which helps us to identify his motives which occur later in his narrative and drive him to commit his crimes. In his narrative the monster also tells us of the friendship he formed with the cottagers during his observation of them from his hovel. He expresses how he longed to join them, but dared not because the only interaction he has had with humans before this point had left him miserable from the barbarity of man. We sympathise with the monsters feelings of isolation and loneliness as it is clear that the monster longs to feel compassion and belonging, but knows from his previous human reception that this is not a possibility. He takes to doing favours for the cottagers, such as collecting firewood, in an effort to ease their sadness and poverty. We find it endearing how the kindness of the cottagers towards each other inspires the monster to show kindness towards them, this shows evidence of the monster longing to be part of the family which he so avidly admires, thus furthering our sympathy towards him. As the monsters knowledge develops it brings him both happiness and misery. He first feels happiness, as his new found knowledge of language instils him with the hope that this acquired skill will ensure the acceptance of the cottagers. He hopes that upon presenting himself to them his gentle demeanour and conciliating words should win their favour and afterwards their love. This hope is heightened by arrival of spring causing his past recollections of cruelty and the hard learned lessons of the barbarity of man to be blotted from his memory with the disappearance of winter. This increases our sympathy as these delusional hopes he has created for himself emphasise his desperate longing and determination to be accepted and loved. As the monster then continues to observe the cottagers with his new found understanding of their language, he comes to learn more about the strange system of human society. He discovers that he does not possess any of the qualities that will allow him to be accepted amongst mankind, which brings him great misery. He comes to question his existence: was I, then, a monster, a blot upon the earth? This realisation brings the monster great pain, which Shelley emphasises by its contrast with the hopes and happiness that his earlier knowledge gave him. The monster tells of when he went to speak with De Lacey, the blind man who lives in the cottage, in an attempt to gain his friendship. De Lacey responds to the monster with kindness and sympathises with his plight. He cannot see the monster and believes him to be human, so here Shelley is convincing the reader of the monsters humanity by showing us that only his appearance sets him apart from other humans. The children return home to the cottage during the conversation between De Lacey and the monster. Upon seeing him they react with horror and Conternation. When Felix struck the monster violently with a stick, we feel greatly sympathetic towards him as he was not given the chance to prove himself the way had done to the old man. Shelleys use of this anti-climax reflects the monsters disappointment at the outcome of his plan and helps the reader to empathise with him. This empathy is also created through his language, as he expresses his feelings of pain and anguish and how his heart sank within him as with bitter sickness. The fact that he could have torn [Felix] limb from limb but refrained, conveys how defeated he feels at the loss of his only chance of being accepted by his protectors, who have now become his attackers. The monsters final appearance in the novel shows his reaction to seeing his creators dead body. He is immediately filled with remorse for his crimes and begs for Frankensteins forgiveness: Oh Frankenstein! Generous and self-devoted being! What does it avail that I now ask thee to pardon me? The fact that the monster mourns his creators death, after Frankenstein had shown him nothing but rejection and hatred, shows that the monster is a very compassionate creature. This helps us to feel that we can still sympathise with monster, despite his crimes, as it reassures us that it was the cruelty that life had dealt him which drove him to commit these murders. I think Shelley wanted us to realise that Frankenstein was not born evil; it was the brutal treatment he received by mankind that turned him to be bitter and resentful. Perhaps Shelleys intended to convey that society could have this same effect on anyone, and urge readers to think of the consequences that their actions could have on the lives of others. Or perhaps Shelley is simply urging us not to judge a book by its cover, as the monster is judged solely on his appearance throughout the novel. More specifically, this could be aimed at scientists, like Frankenstein, warning them to think of the potential consequences of their work. Although Shelleys motive for this novel is unclear, evidently she intended for her novel to teach readers a lesson, and I feel the sympathy she creates for the monster helps us to appreciate the value of these lessons.

Puritan Society In Hesters Life :: essays research papers

The Godly beliefs and punishments followed by the Puritans stemmed from their English experience and complete involvement in religion. The Puritan society molded itself and created a government based upon the Bible and implemented it with force. Hester’s act of adultery was welcomed with rage and was qualified for serious punishment. Boston became more involved in Hester’s life after her crime was announced than it had ever been before—the religious based, justice system formally punished her and society collectively tortured her. Based upon the religious, governmental, and social design of the society, Hester’s entire existence revolved around her sin and the Puritan perception thereof; this association breaks way to society significantly becoming involved in her life. The importance of a social framework for the new society, where the Church would be all encompassing, developed from the teachings of such religious reformers as John Wycliffe and John Calvin. The Church would be directly involved in the running of the community and its regime. Enforcing such laws established by scripture read from the Bible, the government disciplined Hester for her committed sin. The Puritans considered the Bible as the â€Å"true law of God that provided guidelines for church and government†. They wished to shape the Church of England to meet their ideals, emphasizing Bible reading, prayer, and preaching in worship services. They simplified the ritual of the sacraments and also wanted more personal and fewer prescribed prayers. The Puritans stressed grace, devotion, prayer, and self-examination to achieve religious virtue while including a basic knowledge of unacceptable actions of the time. Obtaining virtue was expected to secure order and peace within the Puritan community. The Church officials, who played a direct role in the government, calculated the penalties for various sins. When sins arose, the government took the role as chief executive of corrective punishment and instituted castigation. Hester found herself very much a part of the local Church and government’s heavy hand. Everyone was aware of her sinful act, for she was placed on a scaffold amidst the entire people for a painful viewing. The religious morals instilled in the Puritan society caused her much pain long after the public humiliation. Permanently â€Å"symbolized as a sinner†, Hester was branded for life with a cloth letter worn on her bosom. For years after the letter was first revealed on the scaffold, Hester was associated with the sin and the scarlet letter. Because the Puritans contoured religion, social life, and government together, each member of the society was involved in the religion, social life, and government—everybody in Boston saw the â€Å"A† on Hester’s chest in the same light.

Palliative Care and Hospice Care: The Principles and Goals They Set Essay

The principles of palliative care and hospice care have similar goals that may often come together in an effort of providing the best care for a patient. Palliative care is holistic care of an individual with a chronic life debilitating condition whereas hospice care is for those with a terminal condition who have been diagnosed with 6 months or less to live. Palliative care usually will begin prior to the hospice care and continues to be joined with hospice care. â€Å"It is important to note that the prognosis-based distinction between palliative care (eligibility based on need, no prognostic restriction) and hospice (eligibility based on a prognosis of living less than six months) is unique to the United States, whereas in other countries the terms palliative care and hospice are largely synonymous†(1) â€Å"The Institute of Medicine ([IOM], 2003) defined palliative care as the total active care of the body, mind, and spirit. The aim of palliative care is to prevent or les sen the severity of pain and other symptoms, and to achieve the best quality of life† (IOM, 2003, p.2) throughout the course of any life –threatening or life-limiting healthcare condition.† (2) In providing palliative care to an individual the possibility of curing the illness still exists. The patient is made as comfortable as possible but has not been given a time frame for death. An â€Å"Interdisciplinary palliative care teams assess and treat symptoms, support decision making and help match treatments to informed patient and family goals, mobilize practical aid for patients and their family caregivers, identify community resources to ensure a safe and secure living environment, and promote collaborative, and seamless models of care across a range of care settings (i.e., hospital, home, and nursing home).†(1) Palliative care begins when an individual’s quality of life has decreased because of their disease process and the prognostic restriction is not available. With hospice care, the illness is terminal. The interdisciplinary team will also assess the patient but will not seek a cure for the condition. Their goal now is care and comfort with the emphasis being comfort. â€Å"Hospice is a movement that offers palliative care to terminally ill patients; this type of care eases pain and suffering and helps a patient die with dignity but does not attempt to cure illness. This care may take place at home or in the  hospital. Some larger communities have a separate facility devoted to hospice care.†(3) With hospice care the individual and family have accepted the imminence of death with a six month period and the care the patient will receive will be based on making sure the patient is comfortable at all times. The facilities that provide hospice care are successful because the dignity and comfort of individual and critically important to both the patient and their family. Hospice care gives support to not only the patient but also to the family during this difficult time. This process of beginning hospice care is often delayed by the patient and patient family because it is makes the phase of dying a reality. Hospice confirms that there is not a cure available for a loved one and makes death more of a reality. Hospice also makes this last phase of dying more acceptable, and provides the spiritual comfort for the patient and their family. Hospice care is not just patient based care, it is family based care. In discussing palliative care versus hospice care we can ascertain that â€Å"palliative care may be appropriate for anyone with a chronic progressive disease when symptom management becomes a challenge.†, but hospice care is palliative care for the terminally ill. The difference in these two types of care and the phase of death an individual is currently experiencing meaning the prognosis of death. â€Å"Hospice care is appropriate when patients and their families decide to forgo curative therapies in order to focus on maximizing comfort and quality of life, when curative treatments are no longer beneficial, when the burdens of these treatments outweigh their benefits, or when patients are entering the last weeks or months of life†(1) References Bonebrake, D., Call, K., Culver, C., & Ward-Smith, P. (2010, June). Clinically differentiating palliative care and hospice. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 14(3), 273+. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA231807936&v=2.1&u=lincclin_fccj&it=r&p=AONE&sw=w&asid=cb9b3d9659946c2bae4f99e7c40bd81c Kincaid, L., & Labell, L. (2011). Death and Dying: Hospice . Human Growth and Development (Third Edition ed., ). Jacksonville: Florida State College. Meier, D. (2011). Increased access to palliative care and hospice services: opportunities to improve value in health care. The Milbank Quarterly, 89(3), 343-380. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0009.2011.00632.x

Human Liver Anatomy and Function

The liver is an important vital organ that also happens to be the largest internal organ in the body. Weighing between 3 and 3.5 pounds, the liver is located in the upper right area of the abdominal cavity and is responsible for hundreds of different functions. Some of these functions include nutrient metabolism, detoxification of harmful substances, and protecting the body from germs. The liver has a unique ability to regenerate itself. This ability makes it possible for individuals to donate part of their liver for transplantation. Liver Anatomy The liver is a reddish-brown organ that is located below the diaphragm and superior to other abdominal cavity organs such as the stomach, kidneys, gallbladder, and intestines. The most prominent feature of the liver is its larger right lobe and smaller left lobe. These two main lobes are separated by a band of connective tissue. Each liver lobe is internally composed of thousands of smaller units called lobules. Lobules are small liver segments containing arteries, veins, sinusoids, bile ducts, and liver cells. Liver tissue is composed of two main types of cells. Hepatocytes are the most numerous type of liver cells. These epithelial cells are responsible for most of the functions performed by the liver. Kupffer cells are immune cells that are also found in the liver. They are thought to be a type of macrophage that rids the body of pathogens and old red blood cells. The liver also contains numerous bile ducts, which drain bile produced by the liver into larger hepatic ducts. These ducts join to form the common hepatic duct. The cystic duct extending from the gallbladder joins the common hepatic duct to form the common bile duct. Bile from the liver and gallbladder drain into the common bile duct and are delivered to the upper portion of the small intestines (duodenum). Bile is a dark greenish or yellow fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It aids in the digestion of fats and helps eliminate toxic wastes. Liver Function The liver performs a number of vital functions in the body. A major function of the liver is to process substances in the blood. The liver receives blood from organs including the stomach, small intestines, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder through the hepatic portal vein. The liver then processes, filters, and detoxifies the blood before sending it back to the heart via the inferior vena cava. The liver has a digestive system, immune system, endocrine system, and exocrine functions. A number of important liver functions are listed below. 1) Fat Digestion A key function of the liver is the digestion of fats. Bile produced by the liver breaks down fat in the small intestines so that it can be used for energy. 2) Metabolism The liver metabolizes carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids in the blood that are initially processed during digestion. Hepatocytes store glucose obtained from the break down of carbohydrates in the foods we eat. Excess glucose is removed from the blood and stored as glycogen in the liver. When glucose is needed, the liver breaks down glycogen into glucose and releases the sugar into the blood. The liver metabolizes amino acids from digested proteins. In the process, toxic ammonia is produced which the liver converts to urea. Urea is transported to the blood and is passed to the kidneys where it is excreted in urine. The liver processes fats to produce other lipids including phospholipids and cholesterol. These substances are necessary for cell membrane production, digestion, bile acid formation, and hormone production. The liver also metabolizes hemoglobin, chemicals, medications, alcohol and other drugs in the blood. 3) Nutrient Storage The liver stores nutrients obtained from the blood for use when needed. Some of these substances include glucose, iron, copper, vitamin B12, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin K (helps blood to clot), and vitamin B9 (aids in red blood cell synthesis). 4) Synthesis and Secretion The liver synthesizes and secretes plasma proteins that act as clotting factors and help to maintain proper blood fluid balance. The blood protein fibrinogen produced by the liver is converted to fibrin, a sticky fibrous mesh that traps platelets and other blood cells. Another clotting factor produced by the liver, prothrombin, is needed to convert fibrinogen to fibrin. The liver also produces a number of carrier proteins including albumin, which transports substances such as hormones, fatty acids, calcium, bilirubin, and various drugs. Hormones are also synthesized and secreted by the liver when needed. Liver-synthesized hormones include insulin-like growth factor 1, which aids in early growth and development. Thrombopoietin is a hormone that regulates platelet production in bone marrow. 5)Immune Defense The K​upffer cells of the liver filter the blood of pathogens such as bacteria, parasites, and fungi. They also rid the body of old blood cells, dead cells, cancer cells, and cellular refuse. Harmful substances and waste products are secreted by the liver into either the bile or the blood. Substances secreted into bile are eliminated from the body through the digestive tract. Substances secreted into the blood are filtered by the kidneys and excreted in urine.